Loss of terrestrial mineral elements
The utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in China is about 35%, phosphorus fertilizer is about 15%, and potassium fertilizer is about 50%. A large part of the various mineral elements applied to the soil are lost and eventually enter the coast with rivers, causing a deficit of mineral elements on land. Not only the loss of fertilizers, but also the discharge of urban living and industrial wastewater brings in mineral elements and organic substances to the sea, resulting in the enrichment of nutrients near the sea while the loss of mineral elements on land.
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